The Effect of Genetic and Environmental Factors on the Development of Dentition –a Study on Twins

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the extent of genetic influence and environmental contribution to dentofacial growth and development. Materials and methods: 15 pairs twins were selected and divided into monozygotic (8) and dizygotic(7) with the help of DNA finger printing analysis. Study models of the twins were taken. The parameters like overjet, overbite, U/L inter premolar width, U/L inter molar width, U/L arch length and palate depth were recorded on study cast. Results: Statistical analysis reveals that significant hereditary component for the parameters-overjet, overbite, U/L Inter premolar width, U/L Inter molar width and palate depth. No significant heritability was observed for U/L arch length. Conclusion: A significant heritability values were obtained for seven out of nine parameters studied. overjet, overbite, both upper and lower inter premolar width and inter molar width, palate depth were showing a significant genetic variability where as upper and lower arch length showed insignificant genetic influence, indicating environmental influences substantially.